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African History
African Kingdoms
1. Ghana
2. Mali
3. Songhay
4. Kongo
5. Zimbabwe
6. Swahili
7. Bornu
8. Benin
9. Ethiopia in
the Middle Ages
10. Ancient
Nubia
11. Ancient
Aksum
Ancient and Medieval Attitudes:
12. Black and
White Morality
13. Black and
White Intelligence
14. Blacks in
Greece and Rome
15. Power and
Origins of Blacks
16. African
Architecture
17. Wealth:
Africa and Europe
18. Philosophy:
Africa and Europe
Topics:
19. Rise of
Africa and Europe
20. Was
Egyptian Culture African
21. Fall of
Africa
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Ghana
(AD 5th-13th)
A rich and powerful gold kingdom.
"He is the richest sovereign on Earth."
-Ibn Hawkel, 10th century North African geographer on Ghana's
king
Mali
(AD 13th-15th)
An empire larger than Western Europe. Its prosperity
and morality gave the empire great international prestige.
"It's inhabitants are rich and live comfortably."
-Mahmud Kati, famous medieval Syrian scholar
Songhay
(AD 11th-17th)
An Empire larger than Mali
that was renowned for its scholarly culture and complex government.
"(Surpassed) all other Negroes in wit, civility, and industry."
-Leo Africanuas, 16th Century Spanish Moor
Kongo
(AD 14th-17th)
A provincial government with an advanced system of checks and balances.
Zimbabwe
(AD 10th-15th)
A feudal kingdom that has obtained fame for its large stone structures.
Swahili
Coast
A very advanced merchant civilization that traded with India,
China,
the Mid East, the interior of Africa, and North Africa.
Bornu
(AD 13th-17th)
One of the longest lasting kingdoms of all time. Renowned and feared for its
armored knights and cavalry.
Benin
(AD 13th-19th)
A highly organized forest kingdom that had much direct interaction with the
first Portuguese merchants. They are renowned for their naturalistic art.
Ethiopia,
in the Middle ages
A highly advanced Christian civilization known for its military might, close
relationship with the Portuguese and magnificent architecture.
Ancient
Nubia
One of the world's most powerful ancient kingdoms; it halted the Roman,
Greek, Assyrian, and Persian conquerors- it even ruled over Egypt for a
time. It built pyramids, palaces, and other great architectural feats. It
also developed its own written language.
Ancient
Aksum (Ethiopia)
One of the richest and most powerful kingdoms in ancient times; it even
ruled over
Southern Arabia for several centuries.
It is known for inventing the first castle and developing its own written
language.
Ancient and Medieval Attitudes On:
Black and
White Morality
Black and
White Intelligence
Blacks in
Greece and Rome
Power and
Origins of Blacks
African
Architecture
Rise of
Africa and Europe
Compares the continents before extensive outside contact and the impact
those contacts had.
Was
Egyptian Culture African
Explores the debate of how African Egyptian culture was.
Fall of
Africa
Explains how the once great civilizations fell.
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14th Century
Mali
king displayed prominently in the most well known and accurate Atlas of the
middle ages
(History of the
Atlas)
Bronze head of a medieval Benin King
Ancient Nubian Pyramids located in Southern
Sudan
16th century Ethiopian castle (The first castle may have
originated in Ethiopia)
Stone Fortress in Zimbabwe
The Nubian King, Taharqa, of the 7th century BC. He conquered
Egypt, his name looms large in the Bible, and he is listed as one of the
most skilled military tacticians of all time by the famous ancient Turkish
geographer, Strabo.
The Great Mosque of
Mali. It
was first built in 1240 AD, then rebuilt in the early 20th
century. It is located in Djen, a southern city of the
former Mali Empire.
Egypt's first pharaoh, Menes, from Southern Egypt. He conquered Northern
Egypt to unite the two kingdoms for the first time. Historians list Menes'
dynasty as Egypt's first dynasty.
4th century Axum (Ethiopian) obelisk. The tallest piece of stone
carving erected in the ancient world, 33 meters, was an Ethiopian obelisk.
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